Semnan University PressApplied Chemistry Today2981-24373620080822Analysis of Optical Brightneers in DetergentAnalysis of Optical Brightneers in Detergent132453210.22075/chem.2017.532FANaghiSaadatjouMitraKhaveiJournal Article20170115In the present paper, general aspect about w,detergent formulation and whitness and brightness of fabrics have been disscused. And also relationship be tween these compounds in detergent formulation been mentioned. In basic section of paper the chemistry of O.B. and their types and their classification in household detergent have been mentioned. Four major O.B.discussed here : (I): 4,4-(triazine-2-ilamino) stilbene -2,2.disufonic acid (DAST type) (II):Bis-stilbene,4,4-distyryl-biphenyl(DSBP type (III):Triazole type (IV):DAST type After physical and chemical assessment of meutioned O.B.,these compounds studied in detergent formulation. Also substituted O.B. in Liquid detergent( i.e. DAST O.B. type) with one sulfonic group were examined. In final section of the paper, quantitative and quantitative analysis of O.B. discussed and instrumental analysis such as TLC,UV-Vis,Fluroescence and HPLC have been mentioned. In the present paper,17 references included with could be useful for researchers in formulation of detergentsIn the present paper, general aspect about w,detergent formulation and whitness and brightness of fabrics have been disscused. And also relationship be tween these compounds in detergent formulation been mentioned. In basic section of paper the chemistry of O.B. and their types and their classification in household detergent have been mentioned. Four major O.B.discussed here : (I): 4,4-(triazine-2-ilamino) stilbene -2,2.disufonic acid (DAST type) (II):Bis-stilbene,4,4-distyryl-biphenyl(DSBP type (III):Triazole type (IV):DAST type After physical and chemical assessment of meutioned O.B.,these compounds studied in detergent formulation. Also substituted O.B. in Liquid detergent( i.e. DAST O.B. type) with one sulfonic group were examined. In final section of the paper, quantitative and quantitative analysis of O.B. discussed and instrumental analysis such as TLC,UV-Vis,Fluroescence and HPLC have been mentioned. In the present paper,17 references included with could be useful for researchers in formulation of detergentshttps://chemistry.semnan.ac.ir/article_532_13b7cd74c57e1aec9e811a7edd4e4ae5.pdfSemnan University PressApplied Chemistry Today2981-24373620080822d Orbitals Spliting Diagram in Crystal Fieldd Orbitals Spliting Diagram in Crystal Field254253310.22075/chem.2017.533FAAlirezaBadieiJournal Article20170115The subject of the d orbitals splitting diagram is based on repulsion of ligand- orbitals in the different fields has been investigated for some of graduate and post graduate students had a course on principle of splitting orbitals which is based on the group theory undergraduate. In this article we present a method for determining crystal field splitting patterns within the ionic model without the use of group theory. The formulas developed will be applicable to the d1 configuration in fields containing any number of ligand in any type of geometrical arrangement. The results should be useful to chemist with very little formal training in quantum mechanics. The subject of the d orbitals splitting diagram is based on repulsion of ligand- orbitals in the different fields has been investigated for some of graduate and post graduate students had a course on principle of splitting orbitals which is based on the group theory undergraduate. In this article we present a method for determining crystal field splitting patterns within the ionic model without the use of group theory. The formulas developed will be applicable to the d1 configuration in fields containing any number of ligand in any type of geometrical arrangement. The results should be useful to chemist with very little formal training in quantum mechanics. https://chemistry.semnan.ac.ir/article_533_968f3cd4230fce87589ceec46413cedf.pdf