In the present study, we developed a tissue engineering scaffold for brain injuries, particularly stroke treatment, by loading dexamethasone-containing selenium nanoparticles into a chitosan-alginate hydrogel. FTIR, DLS, XRD, and AFM analysis confirmed the successful preparation of dexamethasone-loaded selenium-chitosan nanocomposites (DEX@Cs-SeNPs). The nanocomposite's average hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential were 214.2 nm and +34.1 mV, respectively. The hydrogel was then made from chitosan and alginate polymers due to the ionic interaction. Scanning electron microscopy and elemental mapping analysis confirmed the incorporation of selenium nanoparticles into the chitosan-alginate hydrogel. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading capacity were 93.1±3.6% and 15.05±2.4%, respectively. Approximately 70% of the drug was released from hydrogel after 160 hours in phosphate-buffered saline. The percentage of swelling and porosity of the hydrogel was calculated as 196% and 65%, respectively. DEX@Cs-SeNPs@Cs/Alg Hydrogel showed a hemolysis percentage of 4.6% at a concentration of 2 mg/mL. Based on the results obtained in this study, DEX@Cs-SeNPs@Cs/Alg Hydrogel can be considered promising as a scaffold for brain tissue engineering.