Homogeneous and new heterogeneous developed catalysts for the production of biodiesel from the waste canola cooking oil

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran

10.22075/chem.2024.34431.2280

Abstract

Identification of renewable energy feedstocks as the substitutes for fossil fuels is a challenging task for researchers. This study aims to show the potential of using biomass-based catalysts in the biodiesel production process. And, the effects of ten different ordinary and green catalysts of KOH, NaOH, Zn(NO3)2, natural zeolite of clinoptilolite, clinoptilolite-NaOH, clinoptilolite-KOH, clinoptilolite-Zn(NO3)2, waste cinnamon bark (WCB)-NaOH, WCB-KOH, and WCB-Zn(NO3)2 on the yield of transesterification reaction were studied. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by FTIR, XRD, and FESEM-EDX analyses. Based on the reported results, Clinoptilolite-KOH and WCB-NaOH composite catalysts afforded the highest yields of produced biodiesels. Chemical compositions of the produced biodiesels were identified by GC and GC-MS analyses. Lauric acid methyl ester (57.5%) and Palmitic acid methyl ester (30%) are the most dominant FAME in the biodiesels produced by clinoptilolite-KOH and WCB-NaOH catalysts. However, for other catalysts, Linoleic acid and oleic acid methyl esters are the most dominant FAME in the produced biodiesels. The produced biodiesels are in density and viscosity ranges of 0.86 to 0.91 (g/cm3) and 2.4 to 20 (mm2/s) with acid values less than 0.5 (mg KOH/g).

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Applied Chemistry Today
Volume 19, Issue 73
in progress...
December 2025
Pages 237-252

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