Comparison of Box–Behnken, Central Composite, and D-Optimal Designs for Optimization of Phthalocyanine Dye Removal Using Magnetic Nanoparticles Iron Oxide Modified by Polyaspartic Acid

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Document Type : Original Article

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1 Department of Chemistry, Arak University, Arak, Iran

2 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Arak University Arak I.R.Iran

Abstract

In this study, the performance of the Box–Behnken, central composite and D-optimal designs (BBD, CCD or DOD, respectively) were compared for the use in modeling and optimizing the new study of the removal of phthalocyanine dye using magnetic nanoparticles iron oxide modified by ployaspartic acid (Fe3O4-PAs). As a case study, removal percent (%R) of phthalocyanine dye has been evaluated with all these experimental design approaches. The advantages and limitations of these different response surface techniques have been experimentally considered. All three designs were efficient in the statistical modeling and optimization of the influential process factors such as initial concentration of phthalocyanine dye (C), and adsorbent dosage (m), pH but the central composite design was the most consistent design due to the prediction closer to the experimental data. Based on the results of CCD, the optimized conditions for C, m, and pH variables are 40 mg/L, 9 mg, and 3.3 respectively that lead to %R = 99. In addition to these studies, the investigations of the dye desorption and the adsorbent reusability are complementary divisions of this research.

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Applied Chemistry Today

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 27 June 2025

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