Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium Stabilized Silicon Carbide as a Heterogeneous Photocatalyst in Heck Coupling  Reaction under Visible Light Irradiation

Bazyar, Zahra; Baluchi, Neda; Zarei, Mohammad

doi:10.22075/chem.2025.37089.2354

Synthesis and Characterization of Palladium Stabilized Silicon Carbide as a Heterogeneous Photocatalyst in Heck Coupling Reaction under Visible Light Irradiation

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

Zahra Bazyar ¹

neda baluchi ¹

mohammad zarei ²

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, 63616-63973, I. R. Iran

² National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC), South Pars Gas Complex (SPGC), Asaluyeh, Iran

10.22075/chem.2025.37089.2354

Abstract

The Heck reaction is recognized as an effective method for the synthesis of high-value organic compounds, and the use of photocatalysts, particularly palladium nanoparticles, can significantly enhance the yield and selectivity of these reactions. In this study, the heterogeneous catalyst palladium/silicon carbide (Pd/SiC) was employed as an effective and useful photocatalyst in the Heck coupling reaction between styrene and various aryl halides under mild photochemical conditions. The impact of various parameters, including solvent type, temperature, and catalyst amount, on the photocatalytic efficiency of palladium nanoparticles was investigated. Under optimized reaction conditions, this process yields well to excellent results. The synthesized nanocatalyst was characterized using techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fouriertransform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), porosimetry and surface area analysis (BET), nitrogen adsorption and desorption, ICP methods, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The advantages of this nanocatalyst include the low cost of the catalytic support, desirable active surface, simple catalyst recovery, and the synthesis of diverse alkenyl derivatives with good yields in a short time at ambient temperature and pressure under visible light

Keywords

Heck Coupling Reaction

Photocatalysts

Palladium

Heterogeneous

Recycling

Subjects