شیمى کاربردى روز

شیمى کاربردى روز

توسعه کاتالیست های همگن و غیر همگن جدید برای تولید بیودیزل از پسماند روغن کلزای خوراکی

نوع مقاله : مقاله علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان
گروه شیمی کاربردی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه دامغان، دامغان، ایران
چکیده
یافتن منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر که جایگزین سوخت های فسیلی شوند یکی از مهمترین اهداف محققین است. هدف این تحقیق مقایسه عملکرد 10 نوع کاتالیت معمولی و سبز در انجام فرایند های استری شدن و استری شدن معکوس برای تولید بیودیزل از روغن پسماند خوراکی (کلزا) می باشد. کاتالیست های مورد مطالعه عبارت اند از: NaOH, KOH, Zn(NO3)2، زئولیت طبیعی کلینوپتیلولیت، کلینوپتیلولیت - NaOH، کلینوپتیلولیت - KOH، چوب دارچین پسماند- NaOH، چوب دارچین پسماند- KOH و چوب دارچین پسماند- Zn(NO3)2. در این کار، پتانسیل تولید بیودیزل از کاتالیست های بر پایه زباله های زیستی نشان داده شده است. کاتالیست های ساخته شده به کمک تست های FTIR، XRD و FE-SEM EDX مشخصه یابی شده اند. بر اساس نتایج ارائه شده، کاتالیست های کامپوزیتی ساخته شده از کلینوپتیلولیت-KOH و پسماند چوب دارچین- NaOH بیشترین راندمان بیودیزل تولیدی با راندمان های 91/81 % و 34/80 % را دارا می باشند. ترکیبات شیمیایی موجود در بیودیزل تولیدی به کمک تست GC-MS شناسایی شده اند. لائوریک اسید متیل استر (5/57 %) و پالمتیک اسید متیل استر (30%) مهمترین متیل استر های اسید های چرب موجود در بیودیزل تولیدی با کاتالیست های کلینوپتیلولیت-KOH و پسماند چوب دارچین - NaOH می باشند و این در حالی است که بیودیزل های تولیدی توسط سایر کاتالیست ها از لینولئیک اسید متیل استر و اولئیک اسید متیل استر غنی هستند. همچنین، بیودیزل های تولیدی در محدوده های دانسیته و ویسکوزیته 86/0 تا 91/0 (gr/cm3) و 4/2 تا 20 (mm2/S) و اسیدیته کمتر از 5/0 (mg KOH/g) می باشند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Homogeneous and new heterogeneous developed catalysts for the production of biodiesel from the waste canola cooking oil

نویسندگان English

Hadi Baseri
Niloufar Ghaani
School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan, Iran
چکیده English

Identification of renewable energy feedstocks as the substitutes for fossil fuels is a challenging task for researchers. This study aims to show the potential of using biomass-based catalysts in the biodiesel production process. And, the effects of ten different ordinary and green catalysts of KOH, NaOH, Zn(NO3)2, natural zeolite of clinoptilolite, clinoptilolite-NaOH, clinoptilolite-KOH, clinoptilolite-Zn(NO3)2, waste cinnamon bark (WCB)-NaOH, WCB-KOH, and WCB-Zn(NO3)2 on the yield of transesterification reaction were studied. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by FTIR, XRD, and FESEM-EDX analyses. Based on the reported results, Clinoptilolite-KOH and WCB-NaOH composite catalysts afforded the highest yields of produced biodiesels. Chemical compositions of the produced biodiesels were identified by GC and GC-MS analyses. Lauric acid methyl ester (57.5%) and Palmitic acid methyl ester (30%) are the most dominant FAME in the biodiesels produced by clinoptilolite-KOH and WCB-NaOH catalysts. However, for other catalysts, Linoleic acid and oleic acid methyl esters are the most dominant FAME in the produced biodiesels. The produced biodiesels are in density and viscosity ranges of 0.86 to 0.91 (g/cm3) and 2.4 to 20 (mm2/s) with acid values less than 0.5 (mg KOH/g).

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Biodiesel
Transesterification
fatty acid methyl ester
solid catalyst
waste canola cooking oil
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